Journal of Data Science

Many software reliability growth models based upon a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) have been proposed to measure and asses the reliability of a software system quantitatively. Generally, the error detection rate and the fault content function during software testing is considered to be dependent on the elapsed time testing. In this paper we have proposed three software reliability growth models (SRGM’s) incorporating the notion of error generation over the time as an extension of the delayed S-shaped software reliability growth model based on a non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP). The model parameters are estimated using the maximum likelihood method for interval domain data and three data sets are provided to illustrate the estimation technique. The proposed model is compared with the existing delayed S-shaped model based on error sum of squares, mean sum of squares, predictive ratio risk and Akaike’s information criteria using three different data sets. We show that the proposed models perform satisfactory better than the existing models.

Abstract: The concept of frailty provides a suitable way to introduce random effects in the model to account for association and unobserved heterogeneity. In its simplest form, a frailty is an unobserved random factor that modifies multiplicatively the hazard function of an individual or a group or cluster of individuals. In this paper, we study positive stable distribution as frailty distribution and two different baseline distributions namely Pareto and linear failure rate distribution. We estimate parameters of proposed models by introducing Bayesian estimation procedure using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. In the present study a simulation is done to compare the true values of parameters with the estimated value. We try to fit the proposed models to a real life bivariate survival data set of McGrilchrist and Aisbett (1991) related to kidney infection. Also, we present a comparison study for the same data by using model selection criterion, and suggest a better model.

In this paper we introduce the generalized extended inverse Weibull finite failure software reliability growth model which includes both increasing/decreasing nature of the hazard function. The increasing/decreasing behavior of failure occurrence rate fault is taken into account by the hazard of the generalized extended inverse Weibull distribution. We proposed a finite failure non-homogeneous Poisson process (NHPP) software reliability growth model and obtain unknown model parameters using the maximum likelihood method for interval domain data. Illustrations have been given to estimate the parameters using standard data sets taken from actual software projects. A goodness of fit test is performed to check statistically whether the fitted model provides a good fit with the observed data. We discuss the goodness of fit test based on the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (K-S) test statistic. The proposed model is compared with some of the standard existing models through error sum of squares, mean sum of squares, predictive ratio risk and Akaikes information criteria using three different data sets. We show that the observed data fits the proposed software reliability growth model. We also show that the proposed model performs satisfactory better than the existing finite failure category models

The unknown or unobservable risk factors in the survival analysis cause heterogeneity between individuals. Frailty models are used in the survival analysis to account for the unobserved heterogeneity in individual risks to disease and death. To analyze the bivariate data on related survival times, the shared frailty models were suggested. The most common shared frailty model is a model in which frailty act multiplicatively on the hazard function. In this paper, we introduce the shared inverse Gaussian frailty model with the reversed hazard rate and the generalized inverted exponential distribution and the generalized exponential distribution as baseline distributions. We introduce the Bayesian estimation procedure using Markov Chain Monte Carlo(MCMC) technique to estimate the parameters involved in the models. We present a simulation study to compare the true values of the parameters with the estimated values. Also we apply the proposed models to the Australian twin data set and a better model is suggested.

Abstract: Shared frailty models are often used to model heterogeneity in survival analysis. The most common shared frailty model is a model in which hazard function is a product of random factor (frailty) and baseline hazard function which is common to all individuals. There are certain as sumptions about the baseline distribution and distribution of frailty. Mostly assumption of gamma distribution is considered for frailty distribution. To compare the results with gamma frailty model, we introduce three shared frailty models with generalized exponential as baseline distribution. The other three shared frailty models are inverse Gaussian shared frailty model, compound Poisson shared frailty model and compound negative binomial shared frailty model. We fit these models to a real life bivariate survival data set of McGilchrist and Aisbett (1991) related to kidney infection using Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) technique. Model comparison is made using Bayesian model selection criteria and a better model is suggested for the data.