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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JDS</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Data Science</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1680-743X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1680-743X</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>SOSRUC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">160207</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.6339/JDS.201804_16(2).0007</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>Can Emoticons Be Used to Predict Sentiment?</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Cates</surname>
            <given-names>Keenen</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_JDS_aff_000"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_JDS_aff_000">Department of Mathematics, University of Evansville 1800 Lincoln Ave, Evansville, Indiana, 47722 USA</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Zhang</surname>
            <given-names>Zeyu</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_JDS_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_JDS_aff_001">Department of Mathematics, University of Evansville 1800 Lincoln Ave, Evansville, Indiana, 47722 USA</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Xiao</surname>
            <given-names>Pengcheng</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_JDS_aff_002"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_JDS_aff_002">Department of Mathematics, University of Evansville 1800 Lincoln Ave, Evansville, Indiana, 47722 USA</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Dailey</surname>
            <given-names>Calvin</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_JDS_aff_003"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_JDS_aff_003">Department of Mathematics, University of Evansville 1800 Lincoln Ave, Evansville, Indiana, 47722 USA</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>16</volume>
      <issue>2</issue>
      <fpage>355</fpage>
      <lpage>376</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>Getting a machine to understand the meaning of language is a largely important goal to a wide variety of fields, from advertising to entertainment. In this work, we focus on Youtube comments from the top twohundred trending videos as a source of user text data. Previous Sentiment Analysis Models focus on using hand-labelled data or predetermined lexicon-s.Our goal is to train a model to label comment sentiment with emoticons by training on other user-generated comments containing emoticons. Naive Bayes and Recurrent Neural Network models are both investigated and im- plemented in this study, and the validation accuracies for Naive Bayes model and Recurrent Neural Network model are found to be .548 and .812.</p>
      </abstract>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
