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  <front>
    <journal-meta>
      <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">JDS</journal-id>
      <journal-title-group>
        <journal-title>Journal of Data Science</journal-title>
      </journal-title-group>
      <issn pub-type="epub">1680-743X</issn>
      <issn pub-type="ppub">1680-743X</issn>
      <publisher>
        <publisher-name>SOSRUC</publisher-name>
      </publisher>
    </journal-meta>
    <article-meta>
      <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">1702</article-id>
      <article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.6339/JDS.201901_17(1).0002</article-id>
      <article-categories>
        <subj-group subj-group-type="heading">
          <subject>Research Article</subject>
        </subj-group>
      </article-categories>
      <title-group>
        <article-title>A Spacial-Temporal Gaussian Mixture Model For Annual Average Pm2.5 Concentration Analysis</article-title>
      </title-group>
      <contrib-group>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Shi</surname>
            <given-names>Chenyang</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_JDS_aff_000"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_JDS_aff_000">Celgene Corporation, USA</aff>
        <contrib contrib-type="author">
          <name>
            <surname>Wanitjirattikal</surname>
            <given-names>Puntipa</given-names>
          </name>
          <xref ref-type="aff" rid="j_JDS_aff_001"/>
        </contrib>
        <aff id="j_JDS_aff_001">King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Thailand</aff>
      </contrib-group>
      <volume>17</volume>
      <issue>1</issue>
      <fpage>37</fpage>
      <lpage>54</lpage>
      <permissions>
        <ali:free_to_read xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/"/>
      </permissions>
      <abstract>
        <p>PM2.5 is a major air pollutant which has a high probability to cause many serious cardiopulmonary diseases, such as asthma, lung cancer, trachea cancer, bronchus cancer, etc. Up to 2014, a World Health Organization (WHO) air quality model confirmed that 92% of the population in the world lived in areas where air quality levels exceeded WHO limits (i.e., 10 µg/m3). This indicates that PM2.5 is still one of the most serious world-wide problems, and monitoring PM2.5 concentrations is extremely necessary. In this paper, we proposed a easy and flexible spatial-temporal Gaussian mixture model to analyze annual average PM2.5 concentrations. Because of the bimodal distribution of PM2.5 concentrations, we decided for a two- component Gaussian mixture model with county-year-level spatial-temporal random effects. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) algorithm is used to estimating model parameters.</p>
      </abstract>
      <kwd-group>
        <label>Keywords</label>
        <kwd>Conditional autoregressive prior</kwd>
        <kwd>Normal mixture model</kwd>
        <kwd>Spatial-Temporal random effect</kwd>
      </kwd-group>
    </article-meta>
  </front>
</article>
